See also: Pakistan: Conflict Profile, Insight on Conflict, May 2010. In parallel, armed groups are fighting the government over independence of the province of Balochistan. In 2014, Pakistan launched a ‘counter-terrorism’ operation, Zarb-e-Azb, against various non-state armed groups. ‘ Pakistan profile – Timeline’, BBC, 2 March 2017. Further offensives were launched in subsequent years. The United States simultaneously began targeting suspected al-Qaeda members in the same area through drone strikes. In 2004, Pakistan began launching military offensives against fighters believed to be affiliated to al-Qaeda in the tribal areas near its Afghan border. Armed Conflicts in 2014, Oxford University Press, 2015, p 172. Ng, ‘ Who Are the Pakistani Taliban?’, CNN, 17 December 2014 A. In response to these attacks, the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan group (TTP) formed out of veterans of armed conflicts in neighbouring countries, such as Afghanistan, and local tribal groups. In 2002, Pakistan began conducting military operations against foreign fighters hiding in its tribal areas. The conflicts have also spilled over into Afghanistan. There are multiple and overlapping armed conflicts in Pakistan.
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